Monday, August 8, 2011

Mud Daubers - Architects of the Insect World

As I was carrying lilac bush trimmings to the brush area in my yard I stopped short to focus my eyes on something on the underside of a leave.  To my amazement, this is what I was seeing..
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It's a picture of the nest of a mud dauber wasp.  These wasps get their name because they construct their nest of mud.  There are several different types of mud daubers, each with a descriptive common name.
The owner of this nest is a potter wasp.  It's easy to see why! 


Mud daubers typically select a sheltered site to build their mud house.  Some favorite sites are under eaves, porch ceilings, in a garage or shed, and in attics.  The female makes many trips to get mud of the correct consistency, carrying it back to the site as tiny balls.  When the nest is ready the adult wasp  collects spiders, caterpillars, or beetle larvae and paralyzes them before putting them in the cell to serve as food for a "kid" (larvae)  that will hatch out shortly.   As a rule, the adult lays a single egg in the empty cell before provisioning it.  When the wasp larva hatches it eats the supplied prey... often taking a few weeks before pupateing.  The complete life cycle may last from a few weeks to more than a year!  So the wasps that I have seen this spring/early summer were eggs/caterpillars last year!  Wow!!!
  If you find a nest and it has a round hole in it that means the wasps have hatched out. It also means the nest is probably old and inactive.
                                  
                                                                 This beauty is a potter wasp...she's been "shopping" and will bring that caterpillar to her nest.  It's pretty amazing to see.  (My apologies since I do not remember where I found this picture.  As soon as I find the file I will repost, giving credit as due.) 

More amazing than the tiny pot on the leave was watching another mud dauber wasp create this nest...

First of all, this was made inside of a cooler that was missing the cover for the drain hole.  That is how she got inside to make the nest!!!  The cooler had been sitting on  picnic table near the driveway for a few weeks...sorry, I'm not great at putting things away!  :)  I had put some copper wire in to keep it out of the elements.  That's what is in the background and what she built the 'house' on.  I watched as she went in and out over the course of several days, carrying the bits of mud to the construction site.  LOOK at the colors and layers!  Isn't this amazing?!  I moved the cooler to a sheltered place in my backyard.  I am planning to move it into the unheated garage in a few weeks.  Inside the garage I can check on it every so often over the winter.  I am looking forward to observing the nest over the coming months.  Realistically speaking I will not see any changes in things until the spring, but that won't keep me from looking!   


Vocabulary
Mud Dauber - any of several wasps of the family Sphecidae that build a nest of mud cells and provision it with spiders or insects ( dictionary.com )

daub - to cover or smear with a sticky material (thefreedictionary.com/dauber )

Resources

This link is a part of the Texas A & M University site. The site is a wonderful resource for anything to do with insects. While the focus is on Texas, most of the creatures can be found in Massachusetts, too.
A very good, though more professionally oriented, resource.
This is a YouTube video of a mud dauber making a nest. Simply amazing

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potter_wasp
  This is a great entry that provides accurate information and clear photos of wasps and nests.                                                                                                                                

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